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From: Infinite Potential Mission 5: Energy Security (pp: 101)
Using the Sun's Power at Night

In this activity, you will have the opportunity to observe and analyze the components of a solar lawn light. After becoming familiar with these devices, you will work to investigate factors that influence and affect their operation during the day and night.

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Using the Sun's Power at Night

Currently, spacecraft and modules only have two choices for energy production to support the systems and crew–solar and nuclear. Much like on Earth, Constance Adams must assess the advantages and limitations of these energy sources when designing new space modules. For modules close enough to exploit the sun’s energy, such as the International Space Station, the sun provides a free, non-polluting, inexhaustible energy source. With her forward thinking, Constance strives to design new habitats for future space modules that can best exploit this supply of energy.

In this activity, you will have the opportunity to observe and analyze the components of a solar lawn light. After becoming familiar with these devices, you will work to investigate factors that influence and affect their operation during the day and night.


Materials
  • Lab 3 Data Sheet
  • solar lawn light (with removable battery)
  • 2 wire connectors (with alligator clips)

Lab Prep
  1. Examine the lawn light supplied by your instructor. Is this the entire lawn light, or only one part of the complete structure? Explain.
  2. Make two diagrams of this assembly. One diagram should illustrate the components that are located on the top surface. The other diagram should illustrate the components visible on the lower surface.
  3. From what you observe, can you infer the inner wiring that is blocked from view? Make another diagram that illustrates how the parts of the solar lawn light might be wired together.

Make Observations
  1. Place the lawn light upside down on the table top so that the photovoltaic (PV) cells are not exposed to light.
  2. Attach the battery compartment terminals to a multimeter. Set the multimeter to measure voltage. Describe and explain your observations.
  3. Turn the lawn light over, exposing the PV cells. What happens now? How many volts are generated by the light in the room? Describe and explain your observations.
  4. Cover half of the exposed cells with a sheet of opaque paper. How was the generated voltage affected? Explore the relationship between exposed cells and generated voltage.
  5. Use the multimeter to determine the optimal location in your surroundings for generating voltage. Is there another way of further increasing the amount of generated voltage? Explain.
  6. Tilt the assembly so you can see the lightemitting diode (LED). Cover the light sensor while leaving the PV cells exposed to light. Does the LED light up? Explain.
  7. Remove the connections and flip the assembly so that no light reaches the PV cells.
  8. Insert the fully discharged battery into its compartment. Does the lamp illuminate now? Explain.
  9. Develop a strategy to determine the relationship between the length of time the battery is charged and the length of time the LED remains lit.
  10. With your instructor’s approval, proceed with the inquiry.
Journal Question

Journal Question
How can a solar lawn light be used to model the strengths and limitations associated with alternative energy resources?

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