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From: Resilient Planet Mission 5: The Rescue (pp: 103)
Monitoring the Atmosphere

In this activity, students will construct a filter that can trap particle pollutants. They will then observe this sample and analyze it for particulate pollution.

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Detecting Sound in Water

Smog over Los Angeles

Leila Hatch is part of a team of scientists who are responsible for studying and monitoring the ecosystem at Stellwagen Bank. When making recommendations to NOAA, they must consider all biotic and abiotic factors. They know despite rules and regulations, pollutants enter the water of Stellwagen Bank from all directions—even from overhead! Combustion of fossil fuels, along with industrial processes, generate a variety of air pollutants. Despite policies and laws that regulate those sources, substances harmful to organisms are released into the atmosphere. From as far away as the Midwest, pollutants are carried by prevailing winds to these offshore waters. In addition to impacting local air quality, these pollutants can “rain down,” affecting distant ecosystems.

In this activity, you will construct a filter that can trap particle pollutants. You will observe this sample and analyze it for particulate pollution.


Materials
  • Lab 3 Data Sheet
  • two 16-oz paper cups
  • scissors
  • compass
  • plastic screening material
  • filter paper
  • tape
  • microscope
  • vacuum cleaner
Caution

Caution!
Exercise caution when using electrical devices in lab experiments. Read the owner’s manual or ask an adult to show you how to operate the vacuum cleaner. Do not operate near water and only use the vacuum cleaner under strict supervision. In this lab, you are required to cover the vacuum tube with a filter. Make sure you do not over-stress the motor of the vacuum by doing this. Listen to the engine. If the sound changes, stop the procedure.


Lab Prep
  1. Download the Lab 3 Data Sheet for an illustration of the filter apparatus.
  2. Place the filter apparatus on the end of the vacuum tube. Turn on the vacuum and run for several minutes.
  3. Turn off the vacuum and carefully remove the filter paper.

Make Observations
  1. Compare and contrast an unused filter paper with the one that was used in the filter apparatus. Do you see a difference in the color or texture of the two? Explain.
  2. Using your microscope, look at the unused filter paper first. Observe the surface texture and fibers that make up the filter paper.
  3. Now look at the filter paper from your filter apparatus. What do you see? Record your observations.

Extension

Bring the filter assembly and several extra filter papers home. Analyze your home surroundings for places in which the air might show significant differences in particle pollutants. With the assistance of an adult, collect several samples. Mark each sample to identify its collection location. If you have access to a battery-powered vacuum cleaner, extend your sampling sites to include outdoor locations.

Bring all your samples back to class for microscopic analysis. Compare and contrast your observations with those of other classmates. What did you find? Where were the places that showed the most particulates? Explain.

Journal Question

Journal Question
Design a monitoring system that could test the quality of air in your community. How will you account for seasonal differences in air quality?

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